Running injuries. A review of the epidemiological literature.

inabarbar

作者：van Mechelen W.
单位：Department of Health Science, Faculty of Human Movement Sciences, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands.


Running is one of the most popular leisure sports activities. Next to its beneficial health effects, negative side effects in terms of sports injuries should also be recognised. Given the limitations of the studies it appears that for the average recreational runner, who is steadily training and who participates in a long distance run every now and then, the overall yearly incidence rate for running injuries varies between 37 and 56%. Depending on the specificity of the group of runners concerned (competitive athletes; average recreational joggers; boys and girls) and on different circumstances these rates vary. If incidence is calculated according to exposure of running time the incidence reported in the literature varies from 2.5 to 12.1 injuries per 1000 hours of running. Most running injuries are lower extremity injuries, with a predominance for the knee. About 50 to 75% of all running injuries appear to be overuse injuries due to the constant repetition of the same movement. Recurrence of running injuries is reported in 20 to 70% of the cases. From the epidemiological studies it can be concluded that running injuries lead to a reduction of training or training cessation in about 30 to 90% of all injuries, about 20 to 70% of all injuries lead to medical consultation or medical treatment and 0 to 5% result in absence from work. Aetiological factors associated with running injuries include previous injury, lack of running experience, running to compete and excessive weekly running distance. The association between running injuries and factors such as warm-up and stretching exercises, body height, malalignment, muscular imbalance, restricted range of motion, running frequency, level of performance, stability of running pattern, shoes and inshoe orthoses and running on 1 side of the road remains unclear or is backed by contradicting or scarce research findings. Significantly not associated with running injuries seem age, gender, body mass index, running hills, running on hard surfaces, participation in other sports, time of the year and time of the day. The prevention of sports injuries should focus on changes of behaviour by health education. Health education on running injuries should primarily focus on the importance of complete rehabilitation and the early recognition of symptoms of overuse, and on the provision of training guidelines.

psphh

要我帮忙翻译一下么

跑到死

当然需要啊，麻利的，直接晕倒

inabarbar

好啊，最好能翻译一下。

李书福

以后定规矩，不翻译好的，不给精华。哈哈。

psphh

我把原文翻译了一下，其中有些比较专业的词汇，我拿不准的，还google了一下。写的比较快，可能错漏在所难免，主要是给大家看个大概的意思。

作者：凡-梅赫伦 (我给作者起的)
单位：荷兰阿姆斯特丹大学，人体运动科学学院，健康科学系

跑步是最流行的休闲体育活动。除了健康方面的益处外，也应该注意其会产生运动创伤之类的副作用。从目前的研究来看，对坚持锻炼和经常参加长跑活动的大部分业余跑步者来说，因为跑步而受伤的几率每年约为37%~56%。对不同的跑步人群，受伤的几率会有一定变化，比如说运动员和普通慢跑爱好者，男孩和女孩之间都会不同。

如果从跑步时间长短的角度来计算受伤的记录，据报道大约为每1000小时跑步会受伤2.5——12.1次。跑步创伤中最普遍的是下肢受伤，而其中膝盖受伤最多。大约50~70%的跑步创伤表现为长时间相同动作不断重复运动的过度使用性损伤。从跑步受伤的案例来看，约有20~70%是旧伤复发。

从流行病学研究来看，受伤者中30~90%会被迫减少训练强度甚至停止训练，20~70%会去咨询医生或接受医学治疗，并且有0~5%的受伤者必须停止工作去恢复健康。

具体到受伤的原因，主要包括旧伤复发、缺乏跑步经验、跑步比赛和每周的跑步距离过长。

下列因素，包括跑步前的热身-伸展活动、身体高度、非直线迈步、肌肉失衡、在不适宜运动的区域跑步、步频、体力状况、跑步姿势的稳定性，跑鞋和鞋内矫形器，以及在马路边上跑步；跑步受伤和这些影响因素之间的必然联系目前还不是很清楚。或者说研究跑步受伤原因的成果很少甚至有的研究结果互相矛盾。

年龄、性别、体重系数、登山跑步、在较硬的路面跑步、参与其他体育活动、一年中什么时候跑步和一天中什么时间跑步这些因素与跑步受伤之间没有明显关联。

        运动创伤的预防应该注重通过健康教育来改变行为（原文如此）。在跑步受伤方面，应该教育人们认识到训练完后身体恢复的重要性、要留意劳损的早期征兆，并提供相关的训练指导。

轻舞

有些地方翻译的不确切。嗯嗯，没想好怎么改呢。实在是没时间每个句子改。

psphh

顶自己的翻译